Russia's top five pipeline gas consumers are Germany, Italy, Belarus, Turkey and the Netherlands.Russia was the largest provider of petroleum oils to the EU in 2021. After Russia's invasion, a major diversion in the trade of petroleum oil took place. Evidence of this became visible in the second and especially in the third and fourth quarters of 2022 and continued in 2023.China Remains Russia's Top Fossil Fuel Importer
| Country | Russian Fossil Fuel Imports* (Total) | Coal |
|---|---|---|
| 🇨🇳 China | $30B | $3.3B |
| 🇪🇺 EU | $18.4B | $0 |
| 🇮🇳 India | $15.2B | $2.5B |
| 🇹🇷 Türkiye | $12.1B | $1.7B |
Where does Russian gas go to : Russia supplies a significant volume of fossil fuels to other European countries. In 2021, it was the largest exporter of oil and natural gas to the European Union, (90%) and 40% of gas consumed in the EU came from Russia. The Russian state-owned company Gazprom exports natural gas to Europe.
How many countries rely on Russia
At least 48 countries imported Russian crude oil in 2019. The countries that rely most on Russian oil include: Belarus, Cuba, Curacao, Kazakhstan, Latvia – each importing more than 99 percent of their crude oil from Russia.
Can Europe survive without Russian gas : The main conclusion is that the EU could not only manage its next winter without Russian gas, but it could also do so without having to experience economic catastrophe or electrical disruptions.
Energy. Major existing and planned natural gas pipelines supplying Russian gas to Europe. Russia has a significant role in the European energy sector as the largest exporter of oil and natural gas to the EU.
Russia provides humanitarian aid to foreign countries.
Is Europe dependent on Russia for energy
The European Union 27 currently rely on Russia for almost 38% of their imported natural gas;1 this dependency will become significantly greater if European states implement their currently formulated energy policies.Also Russia, alongside with other donors for international development assistance, contributed to a number of important global initiatives, including debt relief for the most heavily indebted countries and fight against AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.In 2021 imports from Russia made up 4% of gas used in the UK, 9% of oil and 27% of coal. In 2021, imports of gas, oil and coal from Russian to the UK were worth a combined £4.5 billion. This fell to £2.2 billion in 2022 and £1.3 billion in the year to January 2023.
Trade unions, business associations and economists warned that closing the gas pipes from Russia would lead to an economic recession and severe job losses. However, these predictions turned out to be wrong. Europe reduced its gas imports from Russia by 85% with only a small economic penalty.
Can Europe survive next winter without Russian gas : “Demand cuts, alternative supply, and the green energy rollout mean the EU likely has enough gas for winter, even if Russian supplies are cut completely,” the researchers said in early October, adding that the EU met its 90 percent gas storage target two months ahead of a November deadline.
Why is Turkey not in the EU : Turkey borders two EU member states: Bulgaria and Greece. Turkey has been an applicant to accede to the EU since 1987, but since 2016 accession negotiations have stalled. The EU has criticised Turkey for human rights violations and deficits in rule of law.
Who is Russia’s biggest trading partner
China
Major trade partners of Russia 2021, by value
In 2021, Russia's main trade partner was China, as the volume of export and import trade between the two countries reached nearly 141 billion U.S. dollars. China was the country's both leading import origin and export destination.
Russia is among the world's leading producers of oil, extracting about one-fifth of the global total. It also is responsible for more than one-fourth of the world's total natural gas output. The great bulk of oil and natural gas comes from the huge fields that underlie the northern part of the West Siberia region.Also Russia, alongside with other donors for international development assistance, contributed to a number of important global initiatives, including debt relief for the most heavily indebted countries and fight against AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.
Which European countries are most reliant on Russian energy : For North Macedonia, Moldova, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, Russia was the only source of natural gas supply in 2019. Another European country highly dependent on Russian gas was Latvia, where it occupied over 90 percent of the total in 2021.